OPTIMIZATION OF THE HARDNESS OF CLEAN WATER SOURCES WITH VARIOUS TREATMENT PRINCIPLES TO OBTAIN SOFT-CATEGORY DRINKING WATER IN KUPANG CITY IN 2022

Waangsir, Ferry WF and Arnawa, I Gede and Sadukh, Johanis JP (2023) OPTIMIZATION OF THE HARDNESS OF CLEAN WATER SOURCES WITH VARIOUS TREATMENT PRINCIPLES TO OBTAIN SOFT-CATEGORY DRINKING WATER IN KUPANG CITY IN 2022. In: Proceeding of The 1st Polkesraya International Conference. Poltekkes Kemenkes Palangka Raya, Palangka Raya, pp. 176-186. ISBN 2987-8659

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Abstract

water in one of the water sources used by the people of Kupang City and also to analyze the level of hardness of borehole water before and after processing through the methods of filtration, coagulation, and the addition of quicklime.

Methodology: The research was conducted using experimental methods, and the research outputs were intellectual property rights, journal publications and simple modeling of water treatment methods in reducing hardness.

Findings: The results of the examination of the average hardness content of the raw water source from the Oenesu Spring were 365.33 mg/L. After being given treatment using Tohor Lime, Alum, Activated Charcoal, Silica Sand, Quartz Sand, and Zeolite media, the highest average decrease in hardness was obtained for Quartz Sand media with a reduction effectiveness of 53.41% and the lowest for Activated Charcoal media with a reduction effectiveness 0,79%.

Contribution: This research can contribute to the development of science, especially in the field of environmental health in improving the quality of clean water, especially the level of water hardness.

Keywords: Hardness; Processing; Kupang City

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